Solar water heater with clean energy
It is an complete system consisting of several parts that are used to collect the solar rays falling on it and convert it into thermal energy that is used to heat water during the hours of sunshine. The hot water is stored in a thermal tank in preparation for its use during the day.
How does the solar heater work
The technicality of the heater’s work is that the absorbing surface absorbs the falling sunlight and its temperature rises, followed by a rise in the temperature of the fluid passing through the heating pipes, and the method of solar heaters is:
1- heating mechanism
When direct rays fall on the absorbing surface, its temperature rises compared to the temperature of the fluid passing through the tubes, and a temperature difference occurs that results in the transfer of high heat (between the tubes) to the low-temperature fluid flow areas, and consequently, the temperature of the fluid between the parts increases from one degree to Tens of degrees Celsius depending on the amount of solar radiation and the flow rate inside the heating pipes.
2- flow inside the heater
The relatively cold fluid enters the distribution tube at the bottom of the heater (parallel-flow heaters) and from this tube the fluid is distributed on ascending parallel tubes of small diameters and then collects in the main collection tube at the top of the heater where the relatively hot fluid is pushed out of the heater
3- Payment mechanism
It is the means by which hot fluid is transferred from the heater to the tank, cold fluid is transferred from the tank to the heater, and the fluid is moved inside the heater. The work of our product depends on the natural system.
4- natural system
The natural flow system is characterized by its simplicity and cheapness, as it depends on the thermophysical principle that any increase in the fluid temperature is followed by a decrease in its density. To apply this principle in heating systems, the lowest level in the tank must be equal to or higher than the highest level in the heater The fluid entering the heater at a certain temperature, it absorbs heat from the absorbing surface to raise its temperature as mentioned above, and this follows a decrease in density, meaning that the weight of the fluid relatively to the unit volume will decrease and therefore a volumetric unit of fluid inside the heater (inside the tube that connects the heater entrance to the tank) This difference results in the fluid continuing to rise inside the heater by gaining heat and entering the cold fluid coming from the tank. Of course, there will be a way to prevent reversing the direction of the cycle at night or when there is no solar radiation because the reversal of the direction means an increase in the rate of heat loss from the heating system.
The solar heater produced by the General Company for Electrical and Electronic Industries is of the type of open circuit heaters (direct heating), which are the systems that the water to be heated passes directly through the solar collector and from there to the tank.
The main components of the solar heater system
A - the solar complex
They are glass heating tubes that deflated and coated with a substance that helps absorb heat from the air, and their number are (15) tubes.
B - the tank
It is a water tank with a capacity of (120) liters, which is a metal cylinder of billet with a thickness of (0.1) mm, a height of (108) cm and a diameter of (32) cm.
C- Fixing frame and connecting tubes
* Iron base on which the heater rests and holds the glass heating tubes.
* Cover enclosing the tank surrounding the insulating material (foam)
An emptying tube (venting) to balance the pressure inside the tank is located at the top of the tank.
* Faucet from the bottom of the tank for several uses (to empty the tank, use the water directly from the tank)
* Water pipes for entering cold water and pipes for exiting hot water
